Subnetting and Protocols.

IEEE referencing Question 1 (30 marks) — Subnetting Subnetting task #1 [15 marks] An ISP has provided your Sydney based company with the 190.11.40.0/23 network. Devise a fixed-length subnetting scheme that divides the 190.11.40.0/23 network such that each subnet can support a minimum of 50 hosts. You should assume that the all zero’s and all one’ subnets are usable. Subnetting task #2 [15 marks] Your company also operates out of a second site located in Brisbane, another ISP has provided you with the Class B network 175.21.0.0. Devise a fixed-length subnetting scheme that divides this into eleven (11) usable subnets. You should assume that the all zero’s and all one’ subnets are not usable. Required information Your answer must include network addresses, broadcast addresses, netmask, and the maximum number of hosts supported per network, both before and after subnetting for each subnetting task. Question 2 (30 marks) — Protocols Investigate the application protocol NTP and answer the following questions: a. [5 marks] Briefly describe the application architecture of NTP (Your answer should include an explanation of why you think that this application architecture was chosen by he protocol designers) b. [5 marks] How is payload data represented by NTP? c. [5 marks] Briefly describe the format and operation of the addressing scheme used by NTP. It is very rare for a single protocol to be able to operate without assistance from other protocols in order provide all the functionality required by an application. These other protocols could be at the same, or different layers of the protocol stack. d. [5 marks] What other network protocol(s) does NTP rely upon in order to function? e. [10 marks] What is it that these other protocols provide that is essential for the operation of NTP?